Founded in the early 16th century by Kempe Gowda, a local warrior chieftain, Bengaluru became an important city under the Wodeyar dynasty of Mysore. During colonial rule, the British East India Company established a cantonment in Bengaluru, aiding its growth as a military and administrative centre. After India gained independence, Bengaluru became rapidly more industrialised and urbanised. It became known as the “Silicon Valley of India” for its skilled workforce and business-friendly environment. Despite its appeal, Bengaluru faces many challenges, such as traffic congestion, pollution, and inadequate infrastructure. However, initiatives like the Bengaluru Metro Rail project and urban renewal programs aim to improve the city. Bengaluru’s diverse economy attracts investments in biotechnology and aerospace, and it has positioned itself as a leading innovation hub.